Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Heart Attacks in Haemodialysis at the Amirou Boubacar Diallo National Hospital in Niamey (Niger)

Background: Cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients are correlated with high mortality.

Objective: to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of heart disease in hemodialysis patients at the Amirou Boubacar Diallo National Hospital in Niamey (HNABDN) in Niger in 2021.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 in the nephrology ward of the HNABDN. Were included, all chronic hemodialysis patients with a seniority of more than three months and consenting. Cardiac involvement was detected on a frontal chest X-ray and / or an EKG and / or a cardiac ultrasound. Sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and those related to hemodialysis variables as well as cardiovascular risk factors were studied.

Results: A total of 51 hemodialysis patients were included. The average age was 47 ± 15 years. The sex ratio was 3.64. The mean length of time on hemodialysis was 46.22 ± 36.78 months. Hypertension was the most common risk factor in 88% of cases. As cardiac involvement, cardiomegaly was at 88.24%, repolarization disorders at 33.33%, cavitary dilation at 68.63%, concentric left ventricular hypertrophy at 31.37%, Mitral insufficiency and Valvular calcifications were found in 27.45% and 23.53% of cases, respectively.

Conclusion: Frequent cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients. The involvement of cardiologists in the management of hemodialysis patients is necessary.

Keywords: Heart attacks, epidemiology, cardiovascular factors, Niger.